Patent ruling could cut PCR enzyme prices

PCR patent issues.

Acute medical beds could be cut.

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Proposed trade agreement could increase patent protection for pharmaceuticals.

Green Walls Could Cut Street-Canyon Air Pollution

Rows of tall buildings can create a unique urban habitat known as a street canyon. These canyons trap traffic pollutants, limiting their dispersal into the atmospheric boundary layer that extends as high as 2,000 meters above the ground. A new study suggests that vegetation in street canyons may reduce air-pollutant concentrations much more than previously reported and suggests innovative plant...

How Vagueness Could Cut out at any order

Timothy Williamson (1999) presents, without endorsing, an argument that for any n > 1, any sentence that is nth order vague is (n + 1)th order vague. The setting for the argument is a standard Kripke-style model theory for a propositional language enriched with an operator ∆ for ‘Definitely’. A model is a triple 〈W,≺, [[]]〉, where W is a domain of “points”, ≺ is an “accessibility” relation on W...